Flue gases are cooled to a relatively low temperature within the thermal store, approximately at 50 ☌ (122 ☏). In all designs, an internal insulated chimney called a "heat riser", produces an efficient high-temperature burn creating sufficient draft to push exhaust gases through the rest of the system. There are several types of rocket mass heaters depending on how they are designed. Ī pebble style rocket mass heater, with a wooden frame which gives it a different aesthetic The key principle is the incorporation of a large thermal mass built of masonry which absorbs heat from exhausting combustion products directed in a sinuous path through channels embedded in the masonry. Masonry heaters have been used since pre-historic times and have evolved into various designs in Europe, Russia, and China. Mass refers to the mass of masonry where it stores heat. The word rocket was adopted from the rocket stove developed by Aprovecho for cooking, described in 1982. In a rocket mass heater, by-products of combustion, such as smoke, soot, and creosote compounds, are sucked into the insulated tunnel of the unit, where some claim they further combust, releasing even more heat energy to drive the rocket process, unlike a normal fire, where they are blown out the chimney. In contrast to conventional wood-burning stoves and fireplaces, in a rocket mass heater, combustion is close to complete.
According to anecdotes a rocket mass heater might reduce fuel consumption by 80–90% compared to "conventional" stoves. A primary design of a rocket mass heater consists of an insulated combustion chamber where fuel is burned with high efficiency at high temperature, and a large thermal mass in contact with the exhaust gases, which absorbs most of the generated heat before the gases are released to the atmosphere. Rocket mass heaters are developed from rocket stoves, a type of wood-burning stove, and masonry heaters. Variations of RMH can also be extended for the functions of cooking, heating water, and producing warm air for distribution. A pebble style rocket mass heater installed at a home in MontanaĪ rocket mass heater ( RMH), also known as rocket stove mass heater, is a form of slow-release radiant heating system, designed to primarily heat people and secondarily to warm areas in line of sight around it.
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